Optimization and Performance of Bifacial Solar Modules

Recent studies on PV solar cells by others have developed the bifacial PV solar cell. The bifacial solar cell, in contrast with the monofacial solar cell, has the capability to absorb solar radiation from the rear surface as well as the front surface simultaneously, therefore increasing total energy generation and reducing the required array area. The goal of this project is to ultimately maximize the irradiance incident on a bifacial module and thereby maximize energy production. In this project, the optimum configuration of bifacial PV modules is investigated for optimal performance, this involves finding the optimal height and tilt angle of the PV module both analytically and experimentally. Analytical methods utilize the sun’s position and average irradiance throughout the course of a day and experimental data is collected under actual, outdoor sunlight conditions. Furthermore, flat reflectors are used to experimentally characterize and maximize the amount of sunlight directed on the back face of the PV modules. By validating the theoretical results with experimental evidence, the analytical model can be used to accurately predict the optimum orientation and reflective materials. The findings suggest that specular or scattering reflectors are a cost-efficient solution for utilizing bifacial PV modules.