The Repatriation of Human Remains: a Comparative Analysis of Material Decolonization

Countless cultural materials, ceremonial objects, and human remains are held in museums, libraries, and private collections around the world. The displacement of these objects is often the result of colonial structures, and in the new era of social consciousness, communities and institutions of all kinds are making efforts to decolonize. One path to take in this endeavor is to repatriate, to return these objects to their place or people of origin. From scientists to academics to community advocates, all parties concerned with repatriation have a unique viewpoint on the subject. This paper will examine a few main aspects of the debate surrounding the repatriation of human remains, the effects of relevant legislation or lack thereof, then review two case studies on the matter. The first regarding the repatriation of "The Lost Alaskans," victims of a government contracted mental facility which was in operation for more than half of the 20th century. Here we will see how repatriation serves to resolve the trauma of history and loss. The other case will focus on the people of Haida Gwaii and how their stance to repatriation is influenced by their unique understanding of kinship and lineage, as well as their approach to museum relations. Later portions of this paper will compare the two cases and discuss some of the cultural outcomes of repatriation.